library(readr)
library(microbenchmark) #速度比較に利用Warning: package 'microbenchmark' was built under R version 4.5.1library(data.table) #速度比較に利用readr
パッケージの概要
readrは、高速かつ直感的なデータ読み込み機能を提供するパッケージです。また、このパッケージは、Rでモダンな分析環境を構築するためのパッケージ群である「tidyverse」に含まれています。
データの読込にはR標準の関数が存在しています。例えば、read.csv関数を利用すると、カンマ区切り(,)のcsvファイルを読み込むことができます。
data <- read.csv("../data/insurance.csv")
data age sex bmi children smoker region expenses
1 19 female 27.9 0 yes southwest 16884.92
2 18 male 33.8 1 no southeast 1725.55
3 28 male 33.0 3 no southeast 4449.46
4 33 male 22.7 0 no northwest 21984.47
5 32 male 28.9 0 no northwest 3866.86
6 31 female 25.7 0 no southeast 3756.62
7 46 female 33.4 1 no southeast 8240.59
8 37 female 27.7 3 no northwest 7281.51
9 37 male 29.8 2 no northeast 6406.41
10 60 female 25.8 0 no northwest 28923.14
11 25 male 26.2 0 no northeast 2721.32
12 62 female 26.3 0 yes southeast 27808.73
13 23 male 34.4 0 no southwest 1826.84
14 56 female 39.8 0 no southeast 11090.72
15 27 male 42.1 0 yes southeast 39611.76
16 19 male 24.6 1 no southwest 1837.24
17 52 female 30.8 1 no northeast 10797.34
18 23 male 23.8 0 no northeast 2395.17
19 56 male 40.3 0 no southwest 10602.39
20 30 male 35.3 0 yes southwest 36837.47
21 60 female 36.0 0 no northeast 13228.85
22 30 female 32.4 1 no southwest 4149.74
23 18 male 34.1 0 no southeast 1137.01
24 34 female 31.9 1 yes northeast 37701.88
25 37 male 28.0 2 no northwest 6203.90
26 59 female 27.7 3 no southeast 14001.13
27 63 female 23.1 0 no northeast 14451.84
28 55 female 32.8 2 no northwest 12268.63
29 23 male 17.4 1 no northwest 2775.19
30 31 male 36.3 2 yes southwest 38711.00
31 22 male 35.6 0 yes southwest 35585.58
32 18 female 26.3 0 no northeast 2198.19
33 19 female 28.6 5 no southwest 4687.80
34 63 male 28.3 0 no northwest 13770.10
35 28 male 36.4 1 yes southwest 51194.56
36 19 male 20.4 0 no northwest 1625.43
37 62 female 33.0 3 no northwest 15612.19
38 26 male 20.8 0 no southwest 2302.30
39 35 male 36.7 1 yes northeast 39774.28
40 60 male 39.9 0 yes southwest 48173.36
41 24 female 26.6 0 no northeast 3046.06
42 31 female 36.6 2 no southeast 4949.76
43 41 male 21.8 1 no southeast 6272.48
44 37 female 30.8 2 no southeast 6313.76
45 38 male 37.1 1 no northeast 6079.67
46 55 male 37.3 0 no southwest 20630.28
47 18 female 38.7 2 no northeast 3393.36
48 28 female 34.8 0 no northwest 3556.92
49 60 female 24.5 0 no southeast 12629.90
50 36 male 35.2 1 yes southeast 38709.18
51 18 female 35.6 0 no northeast 2211.13
52 21 female 33.6 2 no northwest 3579.83
53 48 male 28.0 1 yes southwest 23568.27
54 36 male 34.4 0 yes southeast 37742.58
55 40 female 28.7 3 no northwest 8059.68
56 58 male 37.0 2 yes northwest 47496.49
57 58 female 31.8 2 no northeast 13607.37
58 18 male 31.7 2 yes southeast 34303.17
59 53 female 22.9 1 yes southeast 23244.79
60 34 female 37.3 2 no northwest 5989.52
61 43 male 27.4 3 no northeast 8606.22
62 25 male 33.7 4 no southeast 4504.66
63 64 male 24.7 1 no northwest 30166.62
64 28 female 25.9 1 no northwest 4133.64
65 20 female 22.4 0 yes northwest 14711.74
66 19 female 28.9 0 no southwest 1743.21
67 61 female 39.1 2 no southwest 14235.07
68 40 male 26.3 1 no northwest 6389.38
69 40 female 36.2 0 no southeast 5920.10
70 28 male 24.0 3 yes southeast 17663.14
71 27 female 24.8 0 yes southeast 16577.78
72 31 male 28.5 5 no northeast 6799.46
73 53 female 28.1 3 no southwest 11741.73
74 58 male 32.0 1 no southeast 11946.63
75 44 male 27.4 2 no southwest 7726.85
76 57 male 34.0 0 no northwest 11356.66
77 29 female 29.6 1 no southeast 3947.41
78 21 male 35.5 0 no southeast 1532.47
79 22 female 39.8 0 no northeast 2755.02
80 41 female 33.0 0 no northwest 6571.02
81 31 male 26.9 1 no northeast 4441.21
82 45 female 38.3 0 no northeast 7935.29
83 22 male 37.6 1 yes southeast 37165.16
84 48 female 41.2 4 no northwest 11033.66
85 37 female 34.8 2 yes southwest 39836.52
86 45 male 22.9 2 yes northwest 21098.55
87 57 female 31.2 0 yes northwest 43578.94
88 56 female 27.2 0 no southwest 11073.18
89 46 female 27.7 0 no northwest 8026.67
90 55 female 27.0 0 no northwest 11082.58
91 21 female 39.5 0 no southeast 2026.97
92 53 female 24.8 1 no northwest 10942.13
93 59 male 29.8 3 yes northeast 30184.94
94 35 male 34.8 2 no northwest 5729.01
95 64 female 31.3 2 yes southwest 47291.06
96 28 female 37.6 1 no southeast 3766.88
97 54 female 30.8 3 no southwest 12105.32
98 55 male 38.3 0 no southeast 10226.28
99 56 male 20.0 0 yes northeast 22412.65
100 38 male 19.3 0 yes southwest 15820.70
101 41 female 31.6 0 no southwest 6186.13
102 30 male 25.5 0 no northeast 3645.09
103 18 female 30.1 0 no northeast 21344.85
104 61 female 29.9 3 yes southeast 30942.19
105 34 female 27.5 1 no southwest 5003.85
106 20 male 28.0 1 yes northwest 17560.38
107 19 female 28.4 1 no southwest 2331.52
108 26 male 30.9 2 no northwest 3877.30
109 29 male 27.9 0 no southeast 2867.12
110 63 male 35.1 0 yes southeast 47055.53
111 54 male 33.6 1 no northwest 10825.25
112 55 female 29.7 2 no southwest 11881.36
113 37 male 30.8 0 no southwest 4646.76
114 21 female 35.7 0 no northwest 2404.73
115 52 male 32.2 3 no northeast 11488.32
116 60 male 28.6 0 no northeast 30260.00
117 58 male 49.1 0 no southeast 11381.33
118 29 female 27.9 1 yes southeast 19107.78
119 49 female 27.2 0 no southeast 8601.33
120 37 female 23.4 2 no northwest 6686.43
121 44 male 37.1 2 no southwest 7740.34
122 18 male 23.8 0 no northeast 1705.62
123 20 female 29.0 0 no northwest 2257.48
124 44 male 31.4 1 yes northeast 39556.49
125 47 female 33.9 3 no northwest 10115.01
126 26 female 28.8 0 no northeast 3385.40
127 19 female 28.3 0 yes southwest 17081.08
128 52 female 37.4 0 no southwest 9634.54
129 32 female 17.8 2 yes northwest 32734.19
130 38 male 34.7 2 no southwest 6082.41
131 59 female 26.5 0 no northeast 12815.44
132 61 female 22.0 0 no northeast 13616.36
133 53 female 35.9 2 no southwest 11163.57
134 19 male 25.6 0 no northwest 1632.56
135 20 female 28.8 0 no northeast 2457.21
136 22 female 28.1 0 no southeast 2155.68
137 19 male 34.1 0 no southwest 1261.44
138 22 male 25.2 0 no northwest 2045.69
139 54 female 31.9 3 no southeast 27322.73
140 22 female 36.0 0 no southwest 2166.73
141 34 male 22.4 2 no northeast 27375.90
142 26 male 32.5 1 no northeast 3490.55
143 34 male 25.3 2 yes southeast 18972.50
144 29 male 29.7 2 no northwest 18157.88
145 30 male 28.7 3 yes northwest 20745.99
146 29 female 38.8 3 no southeast 5138.26
147 46 male 30.5 3 yes northwest 40720.55
148 51 female 37.7 1 no southeast 9877.61
149 53 female 37.4 1 no northwest 10959.69
150 19 male 28.4 1 no southwest 1842.52
151 35 male 24.1 1 no northwest 5125.22
152 48 male 29.7 0 no southeast 7789.64
153 32 female 37.1 3 no northeast 6334.34
154 42 female 23.4 0 yes northeast 19964.75
155 40 female 25.5 1 no northeast 7077.19
156 44 male 39.5 0 no northwest 6948.70
157 48 male 24.4 0 yes southeast 21223.68
158 18 male 25.2 0 yes northeast 15518.18
159 30 male 35.5 0 yes southeast 36950.26
160 50 female 27.8 3 no southeast 19749.38
161 42 female 26.6 0 yes northwest 21348.71
162 18 female 36.9 0 yes southeast 36149.48
163 54 male 39.6 1 no southwest 10450.55
164 32 female 29.8 2 no southwest 5152.13
165 37 male 29.6 0 no northwest 5028.15
166 47 male 28.2 4 no northeast 10407.09
167 20 female 37.0 5 no southwest 4830.63
168 32 female 33.2 3 no northwest 6128.80
169 19 female 31.8 1 no northwest 2719.28
170 27 male 18.9 3 no northeast 4827.90
171 63 male 41.5 0 no southeast 13405.39
172 49 male 30.3 0 no southwest 8116.68
173 18 male 16.0 0 no northeast 1694.80
174 35 female 34.8 1 no southwest 5246.05
175 24 female 33.3 0 no northwest 2855.44
176 63 female 37.7 0 yes southwest 48824.45
177 38 male 27.8 2 no northwest 6455.86
178 54 male 29.2 1 no southwest 10436.10
179 46 female 28.9 2 no southwest 8823.28
180 41 female 33.2 3 no northeast 8538.29
181 58 male 28.6 0 no northwest 11735.88
182 18 female 38.3 0 no southeast 1631.82
183 22 male 20.0 3 no northeast 4005.42
184 44 female 26.4 0 no northwest 7419.48
185 44 male 30.7 2 no southeast 7731.43
186 36 male 41.9 3 yes northeast 43753.34
187 26 female 29.9 2 no southeast 3981.98
188 30 female 30.9 3 no southwest 5325.65
189 41 female 32.2 1 no southwest 6775.96
190 29 female 32.1 2 no northwest 4922.92
191 61 male 31.6 0 no southeast 12557.61
192 36 female 26.2 0 no southwest 4883.87
193 25 male 25.7 0 no southeast 2137.65
194 56 female 26.6 1 no northwest 12044.34
195 18 male 34.4 0 no southeast 1137.47
196 19 male 30.6 0 no northwest 1639.56
197 39 female 32.8 0 no southwest 5649.72
198 45 female 28.6 2 no southeast 8516.83
199 51 female 18.1 0 no northwest 9644.25
200 64 female 39.3 0 no northeast 14901.52
201 19 female 32.1 0 no northwest 2130.68
202 48 female 32.2 1 no southeast 8871.15
203 60 female 24.0 0 no northwest 13012.21
204 27 female 36.1 0 yes southeast 37133.90
205 46 male 22.3 0 no southwest 7147.11
206 28 female 28.9 1 no northeast 4337.74
207 59 male 26.4 0 no southeast 11743.30
208 35 male 27.7 2 yes northeast 20984.09
209 63 female 31.8 0 no southwest 13880.95
210 40 male 41.2 1 no northeast 6610.11
211 20 male 33.0 1 no southwest 1980.07
212 40 male 30.9 4 no northwest 8162.72
213 24 male 28.5 2 no northwest 3537.70
214 34 female 26.7 1 no southeast 5002.78
215 45 female 30.9 2 no southwest 8520.03
216 41 female 37.1 2 no southwest 7371.77
217 53 female 26.6 0 no northwest 10355.64
218 27 male 23.1 0 no southeast 2483.74
219 26 female 29.9 1 no southeast 3392.98
220 24 female 23.2 0 no southeast 25081.77
221 34 female 33.7 1 no southwest 5012.47
222 53 female 33.3 0 no northeast 10564.88
223 32 male 30.8 3 no southwest 5253.52
224 19 male 34.8 0 yes southwest 34779.62
225 42 male 24.6 0 yes southeast 19515.54
226 55 male 33.9 3 no southeast 11987.17
227 28 male 38.1 0 no southeast 2689.50
228 58 female 41.9 0 no southeast 24227.34
229 41 female 31.6 1 no northeast 7358.18
230 47 male 25.5 2 no northeast 9225.26
231 42 female 36.2 1 no northwest 7443.64
232 59 female 27.8 3 no southeast 14001.29
233 19 female 17.8 0 no southwest 1727.79
234 59 male 27.5 1 no southwest 12333.83
235 39 male 24.5 2 no northwest 6710.19
236 40 female 22.2 2 yes southeast 19444.27
237 18 female 26.7 0 no southeast 1615.77
238 31 male 38.4 2 no southeast 4463.21
239 19 male 29.1 0 yes northwest 17352.68
240 44 male 38.1 1 no southeast 7152.67
241 23 female 36.7 2 yes northeast 38511.63
242 33 female 22.1 1 no northeast 5354.07
243 55 female 26.8 1 no southwest 35160.13
244 40 male 35.3 3 no southwest 7196.87
245 63 female 27.7 0 yes northeast 29523.17
246 54 male 30.0 0 no northwest 24476.48
247 60 female 38.1 0 no southeast 12648.70
248 24 male 35.9 0 no southeast 1986.93
249 19 male 20.9 1 no southwest 1832.09
250 29 male 29.0 1 no northeast 4040.56
251 18 male 17.3 2 yes northeast 12829.46
252 63 female 32.2 2 yes southwest 47305.31
253 54 male 34.2 2 yes southeast 44260.75
254 27 male 30.3 3 no southwest 4260.74
255 50 male 31.8 0 yes northeast 41097.16
256 55 female 25.4 3 no northeast 13047.33
257 56 male 33.6 0 yes northwest 43921.18
258 38 female 40.2 0 no southeast 5400.98
259 51 male 24.4 4 no northwest 11520.10
260 19 male 31.9 0 yes northwest 33750.29
261 58 female 25.2 0 no southwest 11837.16
262 20 female 26.8 1 yes southeast 17085.27
263 52 male 24.3 3 yes northeast 24869.84
264 19 male 37.0 0 yes northwest 36219.41
265 53 female 38.1 3 no southeast 20463.00
266 46 male 42.4 3 yes southeast 46151.12
267 40 male 19.8 1 yes southeast 17179.52
268 59 female 32.4 3 no northeast 14590.63
269 45 male 30.2 1 no southwest 7441.05
270 49 male 25.8 1 no northeast 9282.48
271 18 male 29.4 1 no southeast 1719.44
272 50 male 34.2 2 yes southwest 42856.84
273 41 male 37.1 2 no northwest 7265.70
274 50 male 27.5 1 no northeast 9617.66
275 25 male 27.6 0 no northwest 2523.17
276 47 female 26.6 2 no northeast 9715.84
277 19 male 20.6 2 no northwest 2803.70
278 22 female 24.3 0 no southwest 2150.47
279 59 male 31.8 2 no southeast 12928.79
280 51 female 21.6 1 no southeast 9855.13
281 40 female 28.1 1 yes northeast 22331.57
282 54 male 40.6 3 yes northeast 48549.18
283 30 male 27.6 1 no northeast 4237.13
284 55 female 32.4 1 no northeast 11879.10
285 52 female 31.2 0 no southwest 9625.92
286 46 male 26.6 1 no southeast 7742.11
287 46 female 48.1 2 no northeast 9432.93
288 63 female 26.2 0 no northwest 14256.19
289 59 female 36.8 1 yes northeast 47896.79
290 52 male 26.4 3 no southeast 25992.82
291 28 female 33.4 0 no southwest 3172.02
292 29 male 29.6 1 no northeast 20277.81
293 25 male 45.5 2 yes southeast 42112.24
294 22 female 28.8 0 no southeast 2156.75
295 25 male 26.8 3 no southwest 3906.13
296 18 male 23.0 0 no northeast 1704.57
297 19 male 27.7 0 yes southwest 16297.85
298 47 male 25.4 1 yes southeast 21978.68
299 31 male 34.4 3 yes northwest 38746.36
300 48 female 28.9 1 no northwest 9249.50
301 36 male 27.6 3 no northeast 6746.74
302 53 female 22.6 3 yes northeast 24873.38
303 56 female 37.5 2 no southeast 12265.51
304 28 female 33.0 2 no southeast 4349.46
305 57 female 38.0 2 no southwest 12646.21
306 29 male 33.3 2 no northwest 19442.35
307 28 female 27.5 2 no southwest 20177.67
308 30 female 33.3 1 no southeast 4151.03
309 58 male 34.9 0 no northeast 11944.59
310 41 female 33.1 2 no northwest 7749.16
311 50 male 26.6 0 no southwest 8444.47
312 19 female 24.7 0 no southwest 1737.38
313 43 male 36.0 3 yes southeast 42124.52
314 49 male 35.9 0 no southeast 8124.41
315 27 female 31.4 0 yes southwest 34838.87
316 52 male 33.3 0 no northeast 9722.77
317 50 male 32.2 0 no northwest 8835.26
318 54 male 32.8 0 no northeast 10435.07
319 44 female 27.6 0 no northwest 7421.19
320 32 male 37.3 1 no northeast 4667.61
321 34 male 25.3 1 no northwest 4894.75
322 26 female 29.6 4 no northeast 24671.66
323 34 male 30.8 0 yes southwest 35491.64
324 57 male 40.9 0 no northeast 11566.30
325 29 male 27.2 0 no southwest 2866.09
326 40 male 34.1 1 no northeast 6600.21
327 27 female 23.2 1 no southeast 3561.89
328 45 male 36.5 2 yes northwest 42760.50
329 64 female 33.8 1 yes southwest 47928.03
330 52 male 36.7 0 no southwest 9144.57
331 61 female 36.4 1 yes northeast 48517.56
332 52 male 27.4 0 yes northwest 24393.62
333 61 female 31.2 0 no northwest 13429.04
334 56 female 28.8 0 no northeast 11658.38
335 43 female 35.7 2 no northeast 19144.58
336 64 male 34.5 0 no southwest 13822.80
337 60 male 25.7 0 no southeast 12142.58
338 62 male 27.6 1 no northwest 13937.67
339 50 male 32.3 1 yes northeast 41919.10
340 46 female 27.7 1 no southeast 8232.64
341 24 female 27.6 0 no southwest 18955.22
342 62 male 30.0 0 no northwest 13352.10
343 60 female 27.6 0 no northeast 13217.09
344 63 male 36.8 0 no northeast 13981.85
345 49 female 41.5 4 no southeast 10977.21
346 34 female 29.3 3 no southeast 6184.30
347 33 male 35.8 2 no southeast 4890.00
348 46 male 33.3 1 no northeast 8334.46
349 36 female 29.9 1 no southeast 5478.04
350 19 male 27.8 0 no northwest 1635.73
351 57 female 23.2 0 no northwest 11830.61
352 50 female 25.6 0 no southwest 8932.08
353 30 female 27.7 0 no southwest 3554.20
354 33 male 35.2 0 no northeast 12404.88
355 18 female 38.3 0 no southeast 14133.04
356 46 male 27.6 0 no southwest 24603.05
357 46 male 43.9 3 no southeast 8944.12
358 47 male 29.8 3 no northwest 9620.33
359 23 male 41.9 0 no southeast 1837.28
360 18 female 20.8 0 no southeast 1607.51
361 48 female 32.3 2 no northeast 10043.25
362 35 male 30.5 1 no southwest 4751.07
363 19 female 21.7 0 yes southwest 13844.51
364 21 female 26.4 1 no southwest 2597.78
365 21 female 21.9 2 no southeast 3180.51
366 49 female 30.8 1 no northeast 9778.35
367 56 female 32.3 3 no northeast 13430.27
368 42 female 25.0 2 no northwest 8017.06
369 44 male 32.0 2 no northwest 8116.27
370 18 male 30.4 3 no northeast 3481.87
371 61 female 21.1 0 no northwest 13415.04
372 57 female 22.2 0 no northeast 12029.29
373 42 female 33.2 1 no northeast 7639.42
374 26 male 32.9 2 yes southwest 36085.22
375 20 male 33.3 0 no southeast 1391.53
376 23 female 28.3 0 yes northwest 18033.97
377 39 female 24.9 3 yes northeast 21659.93
378 24 male 40.2 0 yes southeast 38126.25
379 64 female 30.1 3 no northwest 16455.71
380 62 male 31.5 1 no southeast 27000.98
381 27 female 18.0 2 yes northeast 15006.58
382 55 male 30.7 0 yes northeast 42303.69
383 55 male 33.0 0 no southeast 20781.49
384 35 female 43.3 2 no southeast 5846.92
385 44 male 22.1 2 no northeast 8302.54
386 19 male 34.4 0 no southwest 1261.86
387 58 female 39.1 0 no southeast 11856.41
388 50 male 25.4 2 no northwest 30284.64
389 26 female 22.6 0 no northwest 3176.82
390 24 female 30.2 3 no northwest 4618.08
391 48 male 35.6 4 no northeast 10736.87
392 19 female 37.4 0 no northwest 2138.07
393 48 male 31.4 1 no northeast 8964.06
394 49 male 31.4 1 no northeast 9290.14
395 46 female 32.3 2 no northeast 9411.01
396 46 male 19.9 0 no northwest 7526.71
397 43 female 34.4 3 no southwest 8522.00
398 21 male 31.0 0 no southeast 16586.50
399 64 male 25.6 2 no southwest 14988.43
400 18 female 38.2 0 no southeast 1631.67
401 51 female 20.6 0 no southwest 9264.80
402 47 male 47.5 1 no southeast 8083.92
403 64 female 33.0 0 no northwest 14692.67
404 49 male 32.3 3 no northwest 10269.46
405 31 male 20.4 0 no southwest 3260.20
406 52 female 38.4 2 no northeast 11396.90
407 33 female 24.3 0 no southeast 4185.10
408 47 female 23.6 1 no southwest 8539.67
409 38 male 21.1 3 no southeast 6652.53
410 32 male 30.0 1 no southeast 4074.45
411 19 male 17.5 0 no northwest 1621.34
412 44 female 20.2 1 yes northeast 19594.81
413 26 female 17.2 2 yes northeast 14455.64
414 25 male 23.9 5 no southwest 5080.10
415 19 female 35.2 0 no northwest 2134.90
416 43 female 35.6 1 no southeast 7345.73
417 52 male 34.1 0 no southeast 9140.95
418 36 female 22.6 2 yes southwest 18608.26
419 64 male 39.2 1 no southeast 14418.28
420 63 female 27.0 0 yes northwest 28950.47
421 64 male 33.9 0 yes southeast 46889.26
422 61 male 35.9 0 yes southeast 46599.11
423 40 male 32.8 1 yes northeast 39125.33
424 25 male 30.6 0 no northeast 2727.40
425 48 male 30.2 2 no southwest 8968.33
426 45 male 24.3 5 no southeast 9788.87
427 38 female 27.3 1 no northeast 6555.07
428 18 female 29.2 0 no northeast 7323.73
429 21 female 16.8 1 no northeast 3167.46
430 27 female 30.4 3 no northwest 18804.75
431 19 male 33.1 0 no southwest 23082.96
432 29 female 20.2 2 no northwest 4906.41
433 42 male 26.9 0 no southwest 5969.72
434 60 female 30.5 0 no southwest 12638.20
435 31 male 28.6 1 no northwest 4243.59
436 60 male 33.1 3 no southeast 13919.82
437 22 male 31.7 0 no northeast 2254.80
438 35 male 28.9 3 no southwest 5926.85
439 52 female 46.8 5 no southeast 12592.53
440 26 male 29.5 0 no northeast 2897.32
441 31 female 32.7 1 no northwest 4738.27
442 33 female 33.5 0 yes southwest 37079.37
443 18 male 43.0 0 no southeast 1149.40
444 59 female 36.5 1 no southeast 28287.90
445 56 male 26.7 1 yes northwest 26109.33
446 45 female 33.1 0 no southwest 7345.08
447 60 male 29.6 0 no northeast 12731.00
448 56 female 25.7 0 no northwest 11454.02
449 40 female 29.6 0 no southwest 5910.94
450 35 male 38.6 1 no southwest 4762.33
451 39 male 29.6 4 no southwest 7512.27
452 30 male 24.1 1 no northwest 4032.24
453 24 male 23.4 0 no southwest 1969.61
454 20 male 29.7 0 no northwest 1769.53
455 32 male 46.5 2 no southeast 4686.39
456 59 male 37.4 0 no southwest 21797.00
457 55 female 30.1 2 no southeast 11881.97
458 57 female 30.5 0 no northwest 11840.78
459 56 male 39.6 0 no southwest 10601.41
460 40 female 33.0 3 no southeast 7682.67
461 49 female 36.6 3 no southeast 10381.48
462 42 male 30.0 0 yes southwest 22144.03
463 62 female 38.1 2 no northeast 15230.32
464 56 male 25.9 0 no northeast 11165.42
465 19 male 25.2 0 no northwest 1632.04
466 30 female 28.4 1 yes southeast 19521.97
467 60 female 28.7 1 no southwest 13224.69
468 56 female 33.8 2 no northwest 12643.38
469 28 female 24.3 1 no northeast 23288.93
470 18 female 24.1 1 no southeast 2201.10
471 27 male 32.7 0 no southeast 2497.04
472 18 female 30.1 0 no northeast 2203.47
473 19 female 29.8 0 no southwest 1744.47
474 47 female 33.3 0 no northeast 20878.78
475 54 male 25.1 3 yes southwest 25382.30
476 61 male 28.3 1 yes northwest 28868.66
477 24 male 28.5 0 yes northeast 35147.53
478 25 male 35.6 0 no northwest 2534.39
479 21 male 36.9 0 no southeast 1534.30
480 23 male 32.6 0 no southeast 1824.29
481 63 male 41.3 3 no northwest 15555.19
482 49 male 37.5 2 no southeast 9304.70
483 18 female 31.4 0 no southeast 1622.19
484 51 female 39.5 1 no southwest 9880.07
485 48 male 34.3 3 no southwest 9563.03
486 31 female 31.1 0 no northeast 4347.02
487 54 female 21.5 3 no northwest 12475.35
488 19 male 28.7 0 no southwest 1253.94
489 44 female 38.1 0 yes southeast 48885.14
490 53 male 31.2 1 no northwest 10461.98
491 19 female 32.9 0 no southwest 1748.77
492 61 female 25.1 0 no southeast 24513.09
493 18 female 25.1 0 no northeast 2196.47
494 61 male 43.4 0 no southwest 12574.05
495 21 male 25.7 4 yes southwest 17942.11
496 20 male 27.9 0 no northeast 1967.02
497 31 female 23.6 2 no southwest 4931.65
498 45 male 28.7 2 no southwest 8027.97
499 44 female 24.0 2 no southeast 8211.10
500 62 female 39.2 0 no southwest 13470.86
501 29 male 34.4 0 yes southwest 36197.70
502 43 male 26.0 0 no northeast 6837.37
503 51 male 23.2 1 yes southeast 22218.11
504 19 male 30.3 0 yes southeast 32548.34
505 38 female 28.9 1 no southeast 5974.38
506 37 male 30.9 3 no northwest 6796.86
507 22 male 31.4 1 no northwest 2643.27
508 21 male 23.8 2 no northwest 3077.10
509 24 female 25.3 0 no northeast 3044.21
510 57 female 28.7 0 no southwest 11455.28
511 56 male 32.1 1 no northeast 11763.00
512 27 male 33.7 0 no southeast 2498.41
513 51 male 22.4 0 no northeast 9361.33
514 19 male 30.4 0 no southwest 1256.30
515 39 male 28.3 1 yes southwest 21082.16
516 58 male 35.7 0 no southwest 11362.76
517 20 male 35.3 1 no southeast 27724.29
518 45 male 30.5 2 no northwest 8413.46
519 35 female 31.0 1 no southwest 5240.77
520 31 male 30.9 0 no northeast 3857.76
521 50 female 27.4 0 no northeast 25656.58
522 32 female 44.2 0 no southeast 3994.18
523 51 female 33.9 0 no northeast 9866.30
524 38 female 37.7 0 no southeast 5397.62
525 42 male 26.1 1 yes southeast 38245.59
526 18 female 33.9 0 no southeast 11482.63
527 19 female 30.6 2 no northwest 24059.68
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1062 57 male 27.9 1 no southeast 11554.22
1063 59 male 41.1 1 yes southeast 48970.25
1064 36 male 28.6 3 no northwest 6548.20
1065 29 female 25.6 4 no southwest 5708.87
1066 42 female 25.3 1 no southwest 7045.50
1067 48 male 37.3 2 no southeast 8978.19
1068 39 male 42.7 0 no northeast 5757.41
1069 63 male 21.7 1 no northwest 14349.85
1070 54 female 31.9 1 no southeast 10928.85
1071 37 male 37.1 1 yes southeast 39871.70
1072 63 male 31.4 0 no northeast 13974.46
1073 21 male 31.3 0 no northwest 1909.53
1074 54 female 28.9 2 no northeast 12096.65
1075 60 female 18.3 0 no northeast 13204.29
1076 32 female 29.6 1 no southeast 4562.84
1077 47 female 32.0 1 no southwest 8551.35
1078 21 male 26.0 0 no northeast 2102.26
1079 28 male 31.7 0 yes southeast 34672.15
1080 63 male 33.7 3 no southeast 15161.53
1081 18 male 21.8 2 no southeast 11884.05
1082 32 male 27.8 1 no northwest 4454.40
1083 38 male 20.0 1 no northwest 5855.90
1084 32 male 31.5 1 no southwest 4076.50
1085 62 female 30.5 2 no northwest 15019.76
1086 39 female 18.3 5 yes southwest 19023.26
1087 55 male 29.0 0 no northeast 10796.35
1088 57 male 31.5 0 no northwest 11353.23
1089 52 male 47.7 1 no southeast 9748.91
1090 56 male 22.1 0 no southwest 10577.09
1091 47 male 36.2 0 yes southeast 41676.08
1092 55 female 29.8 0 no northeast 11286.54
1093 23 male 32.7 3 no southwest 3591.48
1094 22 female 30.4 0 yes northwest 33907.55
1095 50 female 33.7 4 no southwest 11299.34
1096 18 female 31.4 4 no northeast 4561.19
1097 51 female 35.0 2 yes northeast 44641.20
1098 22 male 33.8 0 no southeast 1674.63
1099 52 female 30.9 0 no northeast 23045.57
1100 25 female 34.0 1 no southeast 3227.12
1101 33 female 19.1 2 yes northeast 16776.30
1102 53 male 28.6 3 no southwest 11253.42
1103 29 male 38.9 1 no southeast 3471.41
1104 58 male 36.1 0 no southeast 11363.28
1105 37 male 29.8 0 no southwest 20420.60
1106 54 female 31.2 0 no southeast 10338.93
1107 49 female 29.9 0 no northwest 8988.16
1108 50 female 26.2 2 no northwest 10493.95
1109 26 male 30.0 1 no southwest 2904.09
1110 45 male 20.4 3 no southeast 8605.36
1111 54 female 32.3 1 no northeast 11512.41
1112 38 male 38.4 3 yes southeast 41949.24
1113 48 female 25.9 3 yes southeast 24180.93
1114 28 female 26.3 3 no northwest 5312.17
1115 23 male 24.5 0 no northeast 2396.10
1116 55 male 32.7 1 no southeast 10807.49
1117 41 male 29.6 5 no northeast 9222.40
1118 25 male 33.3 2 yes southeast 36124.57
1119 33 male 35.8 1 yes southeast 38282.75
1120 30 female 20.0 3 no northwest 5693.43
1121 23 female 31.4 0 yes southwest 34166.27
1122 46 male 38.2 2 no southeast 8347.16
1123 53 female 36.9 3 yes northwest 46661.44
1124 27 female 32.4 1 no northeast 18903.49
1125 23 female 42.8 1 yes northeast 40904.20
1126 63 female 25.1 0 no northwest 14254.61
1127 55 male 29.9 0 no southwest 10214.64
1128 35 female 35.9 2 no southeast 5836.52
1129 34 male 32.8 1 no southwest 14358.36
1130 19 female 18.6 0 no southwest 1728.90
1131 39 female 23.9 5 no southeast 8582.30
1132 27 male 45.9 2 no southwest 3693.43
1133 57 male 40.3 0 no northeast 20709.02
1134 52 female 18.3 0 no northwest 9991.04
1135 28 male 33.8 0 no northwest 19673.34
1136 50 female 28.1 3 no northwest 11085.59
1137 44 female 25.0 1 no southwest 7623.52
1138 26 female 22.2 0 no northwest 3176.29
1139 33 male 30.3 0 no southeast 3704.35
1140 19 female 32.5 0 yes northwest 36898.73
1141 50 male 37.1 1 no southeast 9048.03
1142 41 female 32.6 3 no southwest 7954.52
1143 52 female 24.9 0 no southeast 27117.99
1144 39 male 32.3 2 no southeast 6338.08
1145 50 male 32.3 2 no southwest 9630.40
1146 52 male 32.8 3 no northwest 11289.11
1147 60 male 32.8 0 yes southwest 52590.83
1148 20 female 31.9 0 no northwest 2261.57
1149 55 male 21.5 1 no southwest 10791.96
1150 42 male 34.1 0 no southwest 5979.73
1151 18 female 30.3 0 no northeast 2203.74
1152 58 female 36.5 0 no northwest 12235.84
1153 43 female 32.6 3 yes southeast 40941.29
1154 35 female 35.8 1 no northwest 5630.46
1155 48 female 27.9 4 no northwest 11015.17
1156 36 female 22.1 3 no northeast 7228.22
1157 19 male 44.9 0 yes southeast 39722.75
1158 23 female 23.2 2 no northwest 14426.07
1159 20 female 30.6 0 no northeast 2459.72
1160 32 female 41.1 0 no southwest 3989.84
1161 43 female 34.6 1 no northwest 7727.25
1162 34 male 42.1 2 no southeast 5124.19
1163 30 male 38.8 1 no southeast 18963.17
1164 18 female 28.2 0 no northeast 2200.83
1165 41 female 28.3 1 no northwest 7153.55
1166 35 female 26.1 0 no northeast 5227.99
1167 57 male 40.4 0 no southeast 10982.50
1168 29 female 24.6 2 no southwest 4529.48
1169 32 male 35.2 2 no southwest 4670.64
1170 37 female 34.1 1 no northwest 6112.35
1171 18 male 27.4 1 yes northeast 17178.68
1172 43 female 26.7 2 yes southwest 22478.60
1173 56 female 41.9 0 no southeast 11093.62
1174 38 male 29.3 2 no northwest 6457.84
1175 29 male 32.1 2 no northwest 4433.92
1176 22 female 27.1 0 no southwest 2154.36
1177 52 female 24.1 1 yes northwest 23887.66
1178 40 female 27.4 1 no southwest 6496.89
1179 23 female 34.9 0 no northeast 2899.49
1180 31 male 29.8 0 yes southeast 19350.37
1181 42 female 41.3 1 no northeast 7650.77
1182 24 female 29.9 0 no northwest 2850.68
1183 25 female 30.3 0 no southwest 2632.99
1184 48 female 27.4 1 no northeast 9447.38
1185 23 female 28.5 1 yes southeast 18328.24
1186 45 male 23.6 2 no northeast 8603.82
1187 20 male 35.6 3 yes northwest 37465.34
1188 62 female 32.7 0 no northwest 13844.80
1189 43 female 25.3 1 yes northeast 21771.34
1190 23 female 28.0 0 no southwest 13126.68
1191 31 female 32.8 2 no northwest 5327.40
1192 41 female 21.8 1 no northeast 13725.47
1193 58 female 32.4 1 no northeast 13019.16
1194 48 female 36.6 0 no northwest 8671.19
1195 31 female 21.8 0 no northwest 4134.08
1196 19 female 27.9 3 no northwest 18838.70
1197 19 female 30.0 0 yes northwest 33307.55
1198 41 male 33.6 0 no southeast 5699.84
1199 40 male 29.4 1 no northwest 6393.60
1200 31 female 25.8 2 no southwest 4934.71
1201 37 male 24.3 2 no northwest 6198.75
1202 46 male 40.4 2 no northwest 8733.23
1203 22 male 32.1 0 no northwest 2055.32
1204 51 male 32.3 1 no northeast 9964.06
1205 18 female 27.3 3 yes southeast 18223.45
1206 35 male 17.9 1 no northwest 5116.50
1207 59 female 34.8 2 no southwest 36910.61
1208 36 male 33.4 2 yes southwest 38415.47
1209 37 female 25.6 1 yes northeast 20296.86
1210 59 male 37.1 1 no southwest 12347.17
1211 36 male 30.9 1 no northwest 5373.36
1212 39 male 34.1 2 no southeast 23563.02
1213 18 male 21.5 0 no northeast 1702.46
1214 52 female 33.3 2 no southwest 10806.84
1215 27 female 31.3 1 no northwest 3956.07
1216 18 male 39.1 0 no northeast 12890.06
1217 40 male 25.1 0 no southeast 5415.66
1218 29 male 37.3 2 no southeast 4058.12
1219 46 female 34.6 1 yes southwest 41661.60
1220 38 female 30.2 3 no northwest 7537.16
1221 30 female 21.9 1 no northeast 4718.20
1222 40 male 25.0 2 no southeast 6593.51
1223 50 male 25.3 0 no southeast 8442.67
1224 20 female 24.4 0 yes southeast 26125.67
1225 41 male 23.9 1 no northeast 6858.48
1226 33 female 39.8 1 no southeast 4795.66
1227 38 male 16.8 2 no northeast 6640.54
1228 42 male 37.2 2 no southeast 7162.01
1229 56 male 34.4 0 no southeast 10594.23
1230 58 male 30.3 0 no northeast 11938.26
1231 52 male 34.5 3 yes northwest 60021.40
1232 20 female 21.8 0 yes southwest 20167.34
1233 54 female 24.6 3 no northwest 12479.71
1234 58 male 23.3 0 no southwest 11345.52
1235 45 female 27.8 2 no southeast 8515.76
1236 26 male 31.1 0 no northwest 2699.57
1237 63 female 21.7 0 no northeast 14449.85
1238 58 female 28.2 0 no northwest 12224.35
1239 37 male 22.7 3 no northeast 6985.51
1240 25 female 42.1 1 no southeast 3238.44
1241 52 male 41.8 2 yes southeast 47269.85
1242 64 male 37.0 2 yes southeast 49577.66
1243 22 female 21.3 3 no northwest 4296.27
1244 28 female 33.1 0 no southeast 3171.61
1245 18 male 33.3 0 no southeast 1135.94
1246 28 male 24.3 5 no southwest 5615.37
1247 45 female 25.7 3 no southwest 9101.80
1248 33 male 29.4 4 no southwest 6059.17
1249 18 female 39.8 0 no southeast 1633.96
1250 32 male 33.6 1 yes northeast 37607.53
1251 24 male 29.8 0 yes northeast 18648.42
1252 19 male 19.8 0 no southwest 1241.57
1253 20 male 27.3 0 yes southwest 16232.85
1254 40 female 29.3 4 no southwest 15828.82
1255 34 female 27.7 0 no southeast 4415.16
1256 42 female 37.9 0 no southwest 6474.01
1257 51 female 36.4 3 no northwest 11436.74
1258 54 female 27.6 1 no northwest 11305.93
1259 55 male 37.7 3 no northwest 30063.58
1260 52 female 23.2 0 no northeast 10197.77
1261 32 female 20.5 0 no northeast 4544.23
1262 28 male 37.1 1 no southwest 3277.16
1263 41 female 28.1 1 no southeast 6770.19
1264 43 female 29.9 1 no southwest 7337.75
1265 49 female 33.3 2 no northeast 10370.91
1266 64 male 23.8 0 yes southeast 26926.51
1267 55 female 30.5 0 no southwest 10704.47
1268 24 male 31.1 0 yes northeast 34254.05
1269 20 female 33.3 0 no southwest 1880.49
1270 45 male 27.5 3 no southwest 8615.30
1271 26 male 33.9 1 no northwest 3292.53
1272 25 female 34.5 0 no northwest 3021.81
1273 43 male 25.5 5 no southeast 14478.33
1274 35 male 27.6 1 no southeast 4747.05
1275 26 male 27.1 0 yes southeast 17043.34
1276 57 male 23.7 0 no southwest 10959.33
1277 22 female 30.4 0 no northeast 2741.95
1278 32 female 29.7 0 no northwest 4357.04
1279 39 male 29.9 1 yes northeast 22462.04
1280 25 female 26.8 2 no northwest 4189.11
1281 48 female 33.3 0 no southeast 8283.68
1282 47 female 27.6 2 yes northwest 24535.70
1283 18 female 21.7 0 yes northeast 14283.46
1284 18 male 30.0 1 no southeast 1720.35
1285 61 male 36.3 1 yes southwest 47403.88
1286 47 female 24.3 0 no northeast 8534.67
1287 28 female 17.3 0 no northeast 3732.63
1288 36 female 25.9 1 no southwest 5472.45
1289 20 male 39.4 2 yes southwest 38344.57
1290 44 male 34.3 1 no southeast 7147.47
1291 38 female 20.0 2 no northeast 7133.90
1292 19 male 34.9 0 yes southwest 34828.65
1293 21 male 23.2 0 no southeast 1515.34
1294 46 male 25.7 3 no northwest 9301.89
1295 58 male 25.2 0 no northeast 11931.13
1296 20 male 22.0 1 no southwest 1964.78
1297 18 male 26.1 0 no northeast 1708.93
1298 28 female 26.5 2 no southeast 4340.44
1299 33 male 27.5 2 no northwest 5261.47
1300 19 female 25.7 1 no northwest 2710.83
1301 45 male 30.4 0 yes southeast 62592.87
1302 62 male 30.9 3 yes northwest 46718.16
1303 25 female 20.8 1 no southwest 3208.79
1304 43 male 27.8 0 yes southwest 37829.72
1305 42 male 24.6 2 yes northeast 21259.38
1306 24 female 27.7 0 no southeast 2464.62
1307 29 female 21.9 0 yes northeast 16115.30
1308 32 male 28.1 4 yes northwest 21472.48
1309 25 female 30.2 0 yes southwest 33900.65
1310 41 male 32.2 2 no southwest 6875.96
1311 42 male 26.3 1 no northwest 6940.91
1312 33 female 26.7 0 no northwest 4571.41
1313 34 male 42.9 1 no southwest 4536.26
1314 19 female 34.7 2 yes southwest 36397.58
1315 30 female 23.7 3 yes northwest 18765.88
1316 18 male 28.3 1 no northeast 11272.33
1317 19 female 20.6 0 no southwest 1731.68
1318 18 male 53.1 0 no southeast 1163.46
1319 35 male 39.7 4 no northeast 19496.72
1320 39 female 26.3 2 no northwest 7201.70
1321 31 male 31.1 3 no northwest 5425.02
1322 62 male 26.7 0 yes northeast 28101.33
1323 62 male 38.8 0 no southeast 12981.35
1324 42 female 40.4 2 yes southeast 43896.38
1325 31 male 25.9 1 no northwest 4239.89
1326 61 male 33.5 0 no northeast 13143.34
1327 42 female 32.9 0 no northeast 7050.02
1328 51 male 30.0 1 no southeast 9377.90
1329 23 female 24.2 2 no northeast 22395.74
1330 52 male 38.6 2 no southwest 10325.21
1331 57 female 25.7 2 no southeast 12629.17
1332 23 female 33.4 0 no southwest 10795.94
1333 52 female 44.7 3 no southwest 11411.69
1334 50 male 31.0 3 no northwest 10600.55
1335 18 female 31.9 0 no northeast 2205.98
1336 18 female 36.9 0 no southeast 1629.83
1337 21 female 25.8 0 no southwest 2007.95
1338 61 female 29.1 0 yes northwest 29141.36read_csv関数
readrでカンマ区切り（,)のファイルを読み込む際は、read_csv関数を利用します。 なお、タブ区切りのファイルを読み込む場合は、read_tsv関数を利用します。また、read_delim関数は区切り文字を任意で指定することができます。
read_csv関数とread.csv関数の違い
read.csv関数とread.csv関数の違いは、例えば、読み込んだデータの項目の型が何であるかを明示的に説明してくれることが挙げられます。 また、データはdata.frameではなく、tibbleで読み込まれます。
data_readr <- read_csv("../data/insurance.csv")Rows: 1338 Columns: 7
── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Delimiter: ","
chr (3): sex, smoker, region
dbl (4): age, bmi, children, expenses
ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.data_readr# A tibble: 1,338 × 7
age sex bmi children smoker region expenses
<dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
1 19 female 27.9 0 yes southwest 16885.
2 18 male 33.8 1 no southeast 1726.
3 28 male 33 3 no southeast 4449.
4 33 male 22.7 0 no northwest 21984.
5 32 male 28.9 0 no northwest 3867.
6 31 female 25.7 0 no southeast 3757.
7 46 female 33.4 1 no southeast 8241.
8 37 female 27.7 3 no northwest 7282.
9 37 male 29.8 2 no northeast 6406.
10 60 female 25.8 0 no northwest 28923.
# ℹ 1,328 more rowsclass(data)[1] "data.frame"
Notetibble
tibbleは、従来のdata.frameを洗練させたデータ構造です。readrと同様、「tidyverse」に含まれるtibbleというパッケージで作成することができます。
型の指定
read_csv関数で読み込んだデータの各項目の型は自動で推定されますが、明示的に指定することもできます。型を指定する際は、col_types引数に、項目名と型を指定する関数を記載します。
以下のコードではuser_noの型をintegerに指定して、データを読み込みます。なお、指定しなかった項目の型は自動で推定されます。
data_readr_2 <- read_csv("../data/insurance.csv",
col_types = cols( user_no = col_integer()))Warning: The following named parsers don't match the column names: user_nodata_readr_2# A tibble: 1,338 × 7
age sex bmi children smoker region expenses
<dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
1 19 female 27.9 0 yes southwest 16885.
2 18 male 33.8 1 no southeast 1726.
3 28 male 33 3 no southeast 4449.
4 33 male 22.7 0 no northwest 21984.
5 32 male 28.9 0 no northwest 3867.
6 31 female 25.7 0 no southeast 3757.
7 46 female 33.4 1 no southeast 8241.
8 37 female 27.7 3 no northwest 7282.
9 37 male 29.8 2 no northeast 6406.
10 60 female 25.8 0 no northwest 28923.
# ℹ 1,328 more rows速度比較
read_csvがデータを読み込む速度は、read.csvよりも速いです。どの程度速くなるかはデータの構造、サイズによっても異なります。40MB程度の容量のcsvファイルを利用して、実際に速度比較を実施してみます。
data_readr_3 <- read_csv("../data/lapse_study.csv")Rows: 345627 Columns: 16
── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Delimiter: ","
chr (9): duration, issue_year, gender, issue_age, face_amount, post_level_pr...
dbl (7): id, study_year, exposure_amount, exposure_count, lapse_amount, laps...
ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.head(data_readr_3)# A tibble: 6 × 16
id study_year duration issue_year gender issue_age face_amount
<dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1 1 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
2 2 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
3 3 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
4 4 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
5 5 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
6 6 2001 06-09 1991-1993 female 0-19 -100K
# ℹ 9 more variables: post_level_premium_structure <chr>,
# premium_jump_ratio <chr>, risk_class <chr>, premium_mode <chr>,
# exposure_amount <dbl>, exposure_count <dbl>, lapse_amount <dbl>,
# lapse_count <dbl>, lapse_rate <dbl>read.csvに加えて、data.tableパッケージのfreadとも速度比較をします。microbenchmarkパッケージを利用して、各関数で5回ずつデータの読込を実施します。
microbenchmark(
base_read = read.csv("../data/lapse_study.csv"),
readr_read = read_csv("../data/lapse_study.csv",
show_col_types = FALSE),
dt_fread = fread("../data/lapse_study.csv"),
times = 5
)Unit: milliseconds
expr min lq mean median uq max neval
base_read 1470.5398 1567.1796 1703.5911 1644.5536 1781.7806 2053.9018 5
readr_read 348.5387 350.7469 380.2780 361.3364 403.0404 437.7274 5
dt_fread 122.5064 139.1799 218.0251 259.4438 283.6468 285.3487 5read_csvの読込時間は平均2秒程度となり、read.csvの読込時間（平均13秒程度）よりも速く、freadの読込時間（平均1秒程度）よりも遅いという結果になりました。
Notefread（data.tableパッケージ）との比較
freadはデータの読込速度について、read_csvよりも速くなります。一方、tidyverseとの親和性は、読込結果がtibbleで出力されるread_csv（freadの出力はdata.table）のほうが高くなります。